Common Name: autumn crocus
Type: Bulb
Family: Colchicaceae
Native Range: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon
Zone: 4 to 8
Height: 0.25 to 0.50 feet
Spread: 0.25 to 0.50 feet
Bloom Time: September to October
Bloom Description: Rose violet
Sun: Full sun to part shade
Water: Medium
Maintenance: Medium
Suggested Use: Naturalize
Flower: Showy
Tolerate: Rabbit, Deer
Culture
Easily grown in organically rich, medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Plant corms 2-3” deep and 6” apart in August for bloom the same year in fall. If necessary, dig and divide during the mid-summer dormant period.
Noteworthy Characteristics
Colchicum cilicicum, commonly known as autumn crocus, is a cormous perennial that typically grows to 4-6” tall and is noted for its fall bloom of crocus-like, flowers. It is native to Turkey. Plants send up somewhat unattractive foliage (4-6 dark green elliptic to lanceolate basal leaves) in spring. Leaves gradually yellow and die by summer when the plants go dormant. Naked flower stems rise from the ground to 4-6” tall in early fall bearing funnel-shaped, rose-purple to rose-violet, star-shaped flowers. Flowers typically bloom September to October. Each corm will typically produce anywhere from 4 to 25 flowers.
Autumn crocuses are in their own family, the Colchicum family, but some experts continue to assert they actually belong in the Lily family. By contrast, spring-blooming crocuses (genus Crocus), sometimes referred to as the true crocuses, are in the Iris family and are botanically unrelated to the autumn crocuses.
Genus name come from the abundance of the plant in Colchis, the Black Sea region of Georgia, Caucasus.
Specific epithet from Latin is in reference to the early Roman province of Cilicia which was located along the Mediterranean Coast of Asia Minor in a region which is now part of Turkey.
Problems
No serious insect or disease problems. Watch for slugs and snails. Weak flower stems tend to flop.
Uses
Meadows, woodlands beds. Good for pockets in the landscape where spring and summer plants are fading. Good around patios or along walks. Plant with low ground covers which may help support weak flower stems. Generally inappropriate for prominent parts of beds or borders because of the unsightly appearance of the spring foliage as it yellows and declines on its way toward summer dormancy.